The Ovaries

The ovaries are two small, oval-shaped organs on either side of the uterus in the female reproductive system. They play a crucial role in producing eggs (oocytes) and hormones.

Functions

Egg Production (Oogenesis): Ovaries produce and release eggs (oocytes) through a process called oogenesis.
 
Hormone Production: Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone, which regulate the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation.
 
Storage: Ovaries store eggs, which mature and are released at ovulation.

Structure

Cortex: Outer layer where eggs develop and mature.
 
Medulla: Inner layer containing blood vessels and nerves.
 
Follicles: Fluid-filled sacs containing eggs in various stages of development.
 
Ovarian Cysts: Fluid-filled sacs that can develop on the ovaries.

Interesting Facts

  • Ovaries contain around 1-2 million eggs at birth, but only 300-500 are released during a woman’s lifetime!
  • Ovaries are about the size of almonds!
  • The ovaries produce hormones that influence mood, energy, and libido.
  • Ovarian function declines with age, leading to menopause.

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